Friction-gearing.



No. 888,225. PATENTED MAY 18, 1908. J. K. COCHRAN.

FRICTION GBARING.

APPLICATION FILED 1350.26, 1905.

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.i l l, Q .\|\\w @wijf/namen JAMES-KAZLITT COCHRAN,VOF. CHICAGO,ILLINOIS.

FaIcTioN-GEARING.

Specmcation of Letters Patent.

Patented May 19, 1908.

Application filed December 26, 1905. Serial No. 293,370,

To all whom fit may concern:

Be it known that l, JAMES KAZLITT CCH- RAN, a citizen of the UnitedStates, residingat Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois,have invented a new and useful Friction-Gearing, of which thefollowingis a y specification.

This invention relates particularly to` ,speed-changing and reversingfriction gearing for automobiles, cars, or any other vehicles orapparatus'where mechanism of the character can be successfully employed.

One of the objects is to provide a structure,

- wherein' a plurality of sets of gearings are employed/ and greaterpower can thus be transmitted, novel mechanism of a simple and effectivenature being also provided for elfecting the proper simultaneous changesof relation between the cooperating members, in order to effect thealterationY of the rate of speed or `the reversal of movement withoutinterfereneor divergence of action.

A further and important Objectis to prof vide novel operating meansuseful in both single and plural sets of gearing, which means effects auniform change of parts,

without regard tof their relation, and avoidingany binding action orundue friction,

thereby reducing the Wear upon the parts and the danger of breakage. Y

An embodiment of the invention that is at present considered preferableis illustrated in the accompanying drawings and is described in thefollowing specification. The invention is, however, not limited to theexact-structure disclosed. i i

In the drawings: Figure 1 is a side eleva- -tion of a mechanismembodying two sets' of speed-changing and reversing gears. Fig. 2 -is atop plan view of the same. Fig. 3 is a cross sectional view, takensubstantially on the line 3-3 of Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a detail longitudinalsectional View taken on the line L1*-1 of Fig. 3.

`Similar reference numerals designate cor` responding parts in all thefigures of the drawings.

In the embodiment illustrated, a suitable supporting frame .5 isemployed that may be vof any. desired character. Extendinglongitudinally in this frame is an engine, power or main; driving shaft6, and fixed to the shaft is a plurality of friction members in tho formof disks. Two outer disks 7 are shown,

-which are provided on their inner sides with friction faces 8 andbeveled hui) portions S,

hanger 12.

An intermediate friction member in the form 'diate membersalso havingbeveled hub portions Q. It will thus be seen that two separate sets ofopposing friction faces are provided, and it may be here stated that anynumber of sets may be employed, as desired. Coperating with each set ofopposing faces 8 and 10 is a set of friction wheels, and as the sets areduplicates, a descriptioi'i of one, together with the mechanism forchanging the relation thereof with respect to the friction faces, isthought to be sufficient for both.

A transverse arch bar 11, connected to the side bars of themain frame 5,extends b etween the op )osing faces of the disk and carries a centralhanger 12, in which the main driving shaft 6 is j ournaled. Rotatablymounted in the opposite sides of the lower end of the hanger 12 are cambearings 13 and 14, the bearing' 13 being disposed in reverse relationto the bearing 14, said bearings having depending arms 15. Journaled inthe outer side 'bars of the mainframe 5 are other cam bearings 16 and17, the cam bearing 16 being arranged in corres )ending 'relation to thebearing 13, and the bearing 1 7, in like manner, corresponding to thebearing 14. -These bearings 16 and 17 also have depend-- ing arms 18,which are preferably curved inwardly. .A tie rod 1S) connects the lowerends of the arms 15 and 18, so that theyl necessarily movesimultaneously.

Journaled in the cam bearings 13 and 16 is a countershaft 20, andjournalod in the bearings 14 and 17 is another counter-shaft 21,. theseshafts being arranged substantially end to end. Slidably mountedon theshafts 20 and 21 and feathered thereto are 'friction wheels 22 and 23,-that are located between thev opposingfriction faces 8 .and 1() of thefriction disks, and have annular beveled por-l tions 22V and 23u.Jo-urnaled in the lcentral portion of the arch bar 11 is an upright stubshaft 2 4, carrying atits lower end a pinion` 25, located between thearch bar and the sides of the pinion 25 arc racks 26, which are providedwith depending .arms 27, carrying Vokes 2S, in which hub portions 2t) of,tho friction wheels rotate. I

From the above it will be apparent that, if

vof a disk`9 is located between the outer meinbers 7 in spaced relationthereto and' has iric` Slidably mounted on opposite I llt) the arms areswung in one direction, one of tion wheels will be brought into contactwith one 'of the friction faces and, at-the saine time, the otherfriction wheel will, in like manner, and simultaneously be brought intoengagement with the other friction face. In this ,niovenient, it will benoted that both ends of each couiitersiiaft are correspondingly moved.In other words, there is no swinging action given to the shafts..Therefore, the wheels will properly engage the friction disks withoutregard to their positions longitudi- .nally on the shafts and allbinding action and' twisting strains consequently avoided. Thus,abnormal wear and the danger of breakage is greatly reduced. It willalso be seen that, if the pinion 25 is turned in one direction or theother, the wheels will be niovebd toward or from each other, or, inother words, toward or from the axis of rotation of the main drivingshaft, andl when in their inner- I most positions and the greatestamount of ranged sets of cani bearings are connected byl links 30,having pivotal engagements, as shown at 3l, with the tie rods 19, andthe front tie rod has also link connections 32 with the lower end of asingle actuating lever 33, fulcruined, as shown at 34, on'the frame, ltwill thus be apparent that, b moving this lever, all the countersliaftswillliie simultaneously and laterally shifted 'in the proper directionsto reverse the movement or stop the machine. rThe pinions for effectingthe changes of distance between the coacting ,friction rollers andconsequently the speed of itlie countershafts are also simultaneouslyjmovable, and for this purpose the upper ends ,fof the stub shafts 24,carrying said pinions, are provided with wheels 35, and engaging theopposite sides of both gear wheels are rack bars 36, slid ably held inposition by any suit-able means, as for instance, brackets 37', carriedby the arch bar 1l. The foremost stub shaft is also providml with sheaveor pulley ijn', 'about which extends a cable or chain 3), which cable iswrapped upon anither shaft or pulley -l0,.secured to a sleeve 4l, thatis rotatably mounted on the steering post 42. or other support, yl`hesleeve 4l, has a suitable actuating whirl 43% at its upper end. lli'rotating this vflicclit will be apparent that through the connectingcable or chain, sheaves, rack bars and gear wheels, thepinions will becorrespondingly and simultaneously rotated, thereby effecting thepro-per movements of the corresponding friction wheels of the differentsets.

The power is transmitted from the countershafts 20 and 21 in anydesirable manner. For instance, in the present embodiment, said shaftsproject beyond the main frame 5 and carryv sprocket wheels 44',connected by sprocket chains 45. Any other suitable gearing may beemployed, as desired. The rear shafts of the present structure has othersprocket wheels 46 aboutwhich pass chains 47, connected to the drivenmember or members.

It will be apparent from the foregoing that a structure is providedwhich is of comparatively great power, yet sim le and practicable, saidstructure being-'o a nature that permits the change of speed or thereversal of direction without any complicated manually-operatedactuating means. Furthermore, the parts and the movements due to thearrangement thereof are such that there is no danger of abnormal wearand little chance of derangement or breakage.

From the foregoing it is thought that the construction, operation, andmany advantages of the herein described invention will be apparent tothose skilled in the art, without further description, and it will be'understood that various changes in the size, shape, proportion, andminor details of construction may be resorted to without departing fromthe spirit or sacrificing any of the advantages of the invention.

Having thus described my invention what I claim as new and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is:

1. Inr gearing of the character described, y the combination with ashaft and a plurality of friction members thereon provided with alurality of sets of friction faces, of a plurality of sets of adjustablefriction wheels, one of said' sets coperatiiig with each set of frictionfaces, and'comnion actuating means for the various s ets of frictionwheels connected to the same for effecting their simultaneousadjustment.' i j 2. In gearing of the character described, thecombination with a shaft, of a plurality of friction members thereonprovided with a plurality of sets of friction faces, a\ pluralityof'sets of adjustable frictionA wheels, one of said sets cooperatingwith each set of faces, and a single actuating device having connectionswith tlie various sets of friction wheels for effecting theirsimultaneous adjustment.

3. 1n gearing of the character described, the combination with a maindriving shaft, of a plurality of friction disks mounted thereon andhaving a plurality of independent sets of .opposing` friction faces, africtioi` wheel located between each set of friction fa( xs andmovableinto engagement with either face of tm set,.and actuating meansconnected to t various friction wheels for effecting their simultaneousmovements.

u 4. In gearing "-,of the character described,

the combinationiwith a shaft, of a plurality ,of friction members-`mounted thereon and having a pluralityv of independent sets of oposing fric-.tion faces, a laterally movab e counterslraft locatedbetween each set of faces, a friction wheel mounted on each shaft 'andmovable therewith into engagement with either face of the set,connections be- Atweenthe shafts for effecting their simultaneouslateral movement,` and ineans for moving the same. I

5. In gearing of the character described i the combination with a shaft,of a plurality Y movements and the corresponding lateral movement of theshafts, an tatin'g the bearings. '6. n gearing of the characterdescribed, 'the combination with a main shaft, of. a plurality of spacedfriction disks mounted thereon and havin a plurality of independent setsof o posingV riction faces, separate countersha ts extending between theopposite ortions of each setof. faces, friction c isks mounted on theshafts and movable therewith into contact with the opposing faces, cambearings for the various countershafts having arms, ties connecting thearms of the countershafts that are located between each set of disks,links connecting the different devices, and an actuating lever havingcnnections with one 'of the devices for effecting the Ysimultaneousmovement of all the cam bearings. 1 i

47. In gearing of the character described, the combination witha shaft,of\a plurality of friction members mounted thereon and havinga'plurality of sets of opposing friction faces, a friction Wheelcoacting with the faces of each set and movable toward andfrom the axisof the shaft, and means for effecting the simultaneous movements towardsand from the shaft of the wheels coacting with the differentsets offriction faces.

8. In gearing of the character described, the combination with a shaft,of a plurality of friction members mounted thereon and havin g aplurality of separate sets of opposing friction faces, a countershaftlocated between cach set, a friction wheel feathered on each shaft, saidwheel coacting with the faces of the-set and movable on the shaft towardand means for ro# yfrom the axis of the first mentioned shaft, and

means connected to the wheels of the different sets for effecting theirsimultaneous movements toward and from said axis.

v9. In gearing of thecharacter described, the combination with a shaft,of a plurality of friction members mounted thereon and having aplurality of sets of opposing friction faces, separate countershaftsjournaled bctween each set of faces, a frictionwheelfeathered on eachshaft, said friction wheel coacting with thefaces of the sets betweenwhich it is located and being movabletoward and from the axis of theshaft, spaced upright stub shafts, pinions thereon, racks engaging theopposite sides'of the different pinions and having yokes enga ing thewheels, gearing connecting the stu) shafts to effect their` simultaneousmovements, means for said stub shafts.

l0.. In gearing of the character described, the combination with a maindriving shaft, of a plurality of spaced friction wheels fixed thereto`and having a plurality of separate sets of opposing friction faces,separate countershafts located between each se,r of faces, frictionwheels feathered on the different countershafts and movable toward andfrom the main driving shaft; said friction wheels cooperating with thefaces between which and actuating `they are located, gear connectionsbetween.-

thencorresponding countershafts of the different sets, cam bearingsforthe various countcrshafts having arms, a single actuating ydevice.for turning the cam bearings, connections between the actuating deviceand the various arms, spaced inions, one of said pinions being rovidedorA eachsef of friction wheels, rac s en aging the opposite sides of thepinions, and aving connections with the .respective sets Aof wheels,connections between the pinions for effecting their siniultancousrotation, and a single actuating deviceV for moving both pinions.

1l.. In gearing of the character described, the combination with ashaft,of paced outer friction members mounted thereon and hav-' ing frictionfaces on their inner sides, an intermediate friction member locatedbetween and in spaced relation to the outermeinbers, Said intermediatemember having friction faces on its opposite sides, friction. wheelslocated between the intermediate and outer` members, `and means formoving the different wheels toward and from the shaft and into and outof coaction with the surfaces of the. intermediate and outer members.

12. In gearing of the character described,v

the combination with spaced friction members having opposed frictionfaces, of a coun? tershaft extending between the members,

spaced cam bearings for the shaft, means for simultaneously turning thebearings to effect the lateral movement of the shaf and a friction wheelmounted on the shaft and movable into coaction with either friction-faceupon the lateral movement of said shaft.

13. In gearingofthe character' described,

the combination with spaced friction memv bers, having kopposed frictionfaces, of a countershaft .exten lng between. the members, spaced cambearings vfor the shaft, said bearings having arms, an actuating deviceconnected to the arm's for effecting the simultaneousrotation of thebearings, and a friction wheel mounted on the shaft and movable' intocoaction with either friction face upon the lateral movement of theshaft.

14.V ln gearing of the character described, thef combination with spacedfriction members having opposed friction faces, of separateconntersh'afts located 'substantially inv the same plane and extendingbetween the members, spaced cam bearings for each shaft, the bearings,for the .different shafts being disposed'in reversed relation so thatthe corresponding rotation of the bearings will effect the lateralmovement of the shaft in oppositedirections, an actuating device,connections between the device and the oppositely disposed spaced cams,and friction wheels mounted on the shafts and movable laterally inopposite directions and into engagement with the opposite faces upon themovement of the actuating device..

15. In gearing of t-he character described, the combination with spacedfriction members having opposed friction faces, of separatecountershafts located substantially in the sameplane and extendingbetween the Amembers spaced cam bearings for each the combination withspaced friction mem.

bers having opposed friction faces, of a countershaft extending betweenthe members, spaced bearings for the shaft, means for simultaneouslymoving the bearings to effect an equal lateral movement to the shaftthroughout' its length, and a friction wheel mounted on the shaft andmovable into coaction with either friction face upon the lateralmovement of said shaft.

17. The combination with a driving shaft, of three or more drivingfriction wheels rigidly secured thereon, transmitting friction wheelsjournaled between each pair of drivmg friction wheels and adapted forengagement with either the front or the rear driving friction wheel, andmeans adjusting the transmitting friction wheels radially of the driving.friction wheels.l

18. rlhe combination with a driving shaft, of three or more drivingfriction wheels rigidly secured thereon, transmitting friction wheelsjournaled between each pair of driving friction wheels and adapted forengagement with either the front or the rear driving friction wheel,means adjusting-the transmitting friction wheels radially of the drivingfriction wheels, and means transmittingfriction wheels into engagementwith either adjacent driving friction wheel.

19. A device ofthe class described eme bracing the combination withadriving shaft, of three or more vdriving friction wheels rigidly securedthereon, transmitting friction wheels journaled transversely of thedriving friction wheels in balanced pairs between the same and adaptedto en age o positely on the driving friction whee s, and means adjustingthe transmitting friction wheels relatively of the driving frictionwheels.

20. A. transmission mechanism of the class described embracing a shaft,a plurality of driving friction wheels thereon affording airs offriction faces, transmitting friction wheels between the drivingfriction Wheels, u

one on each side of the driving shaft and adapted to engage eitherdriving friction wheel, means adjusting the transmitting friction wheelsradially of the driving friction wheel, and means adjusting the same sothat each driving friction wheel is engaged by two transmitting frictionwheels, and means reversing the transmitting friction wheels.

21. ln a machine of the class described,

the combination with a driving shaft, of

three or more driving friction wheels rigidly engaged thereon andaffording adj acentfricf` tion faces, transmitting friction wheels'jourfnaled between each air of said driving friction wheels and at a ted forengagement with either, means shi ting the transmitting friction wheelsinto engagement withaefther adjacent driving friction wheel to reversethe drive, and means shifting the same'radially of the driving frictionwheels. v

22. In a double rolling traction powertransmitting mechanism, thecombination of a shaft and two parallel disks thereon having confrontingfriction faces, two transverse `shafts between and parallel with saiddisk faces, a roller on each of said transverse shafts disposedrespectively on opposite sides of the center of rotation of said disks,and roller engaging and disengaging means operating to move saidtransverse shafts bodily and laterally in opposite directions at rightangles vto said disks to maintain theeparallelism of'the said transverseshafts and disk;

faces.

23. ln a doub e. rollin;r power transmitting` mechanism, the combinationof a shaft, two

` parallel disks thereon havin v f transverse shafts bodily and A ltomaintain the paral confronting 'ction faces, two transverses aftsbetween and parallel with said disk faces, a roller on each ofsaidtransverseshafts disposed respectively on opposite sides of the centerofrotation of said disks, roller engaging and disengaging means operatingto move said laterally in o ht angles to said dis s elism of the saidtransfaces, and drive wheels portions of said transverse positedireotionsatfri .verse shafts and disk on the outer end shafts.

24. In a double rolling power transmitting mechanism, the combination ofa shaft, two arallel disks thereon havin confronting iction-faces, twotransverse sIia and parallel with said disk faces, a lroller on each ofsaid transverse spectively on o posite sides of the center of rotationof sai disks, roller engaging and disengaging means operatin to movesaid transverse shafts bodily andgl posite directions at ri ht angles tosaid d to maintain the, araliielismof the said transi 'verse shafts andisk faces, and means for sliding said rollers simultaneously inopposite directions on their shafts. In testimony, that I claim theforegoing as 3o my own, I have hereto affixed my signature in thepresence of two witnesses.

JAMES KAZLITT COCHRAN. /Vitnesses:

HENRY W. WILKEN, GEORGE FIsHER,

shafts disposed re- -/,0

aterally in olpis S 25

